{"id":9546,"date":"2012-02-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-02-22T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/blog\/2012\/02\/23\/investigadors-de-lidibell-fan-un-pas-mes-per-trasplantar-cel%e2%80%a2lules-de-porc-per-a-la-regeneracio-de-cartilag-huma\/"},"modified":"2023-03-02T15:06:25","modified_gmt":"2023-03-02T14:06:25","slug":"investigadors-de-lidibell-fan-un-pas-mes-per-trasplantar-cellules-de-porc-per-a-la-regeneracio-de-cartilag-huma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2012\/02\/investigadors-de-lidibell-fan-un-pas-mes-per-trasplantar-cellules-de-porc-per-a-la-regeneracio-de-cartilag-huma\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadors de l\u2019IDIBELL fan un pas m\u00e9s per trasplantar c\u00e8l\u2022lules de porc per a la regeneraci\u00f3 de cart\u00edlag hum\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK (Natural Killer) juguen un paper important en el rebuig<\/strong> <strong>de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de cart\u00edlag porcines<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El grup d&#8217;investigaci\u00f3 en Noves Ter\u00e0pies de Gens i Trasplantaments de l&#8217;IDIBELL estudia per primera vegada la resposta de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK (Natural Killer) d&#8217;humans contra condr\u00f2cits (c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del cart\u00edlag) porcines.<\/p>\n<p>Els resultats de la investigaci\u00f3, que es publiquen en la revista The Journal of Immunology, indiquen que aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, pr\u00f2pies del sistema immunitari innat, juguen un paper important en el rebuig del xenotrasplantament (el trasplantament d\u2019\u00f2rgans o teixits procedents d&#8217;una altra esp\u00e8cie) de cart\u00edlag porc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK formen part, al costat de neutr\u00f2fils i macr\u00f2fags, de la primera l\u00ednia de defensa cel\u00b7lular i impliquen una resposta immunol\u00f2gica no adquirida, innata. S&#8217;encarreguen d&#8217;identificar determinats tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules (tumorals, infectades o estranyes a l&#8217;organisme) i eliminar-les per toxicitat.<\/p>\n<p>La quantitat de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK \u00e9s minorit\u00e0ria per\u00f2 cada vegada se&#8217;ls d\u00f3na major import\u00e0ncia en el camp dels trasplantaments ja que, segons explica l&#8217;autora principal de l&#8217;estudi, Cristina Costa, \u201cs&#8217;est\u00e0 veient que la immunitat innata juga un paper molt important en la regulaci\u00f3 de la immunitat adquirida, que \u00e9s cr\u00edtica per al rebuig dels \u00f2rgans trasplantats.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Xenotrasplantament<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;objectiu de l&#8217;equip de Costa \u00e9s aconseguir el trasplantament de condr\u00f2cits porcins en humans per reparar lesions de cart\u00edlag. Per aix\u00f2 han estudiat \u201cin vitro\u201d la resposta de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK humanes davant la pres\u00e8ncia d&#8217;aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules porcines. Han observat que, en condicions de trasplantament, amb una alta pres\u00e8ncia d&#8217;anticossos i citoquines, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK humanes elaboren la seva resposta citot\u00f2xica i lisen (destrueixen) les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules estranyes, en aquest cas els condr\u00f2cits.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEn aquest treball hem caracteritzat diverses mol\u00e8cules implicades en els processos d&#8217;adhesi\u00f3 i citotoxicitat de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK\u201d, ha explicat la investigadora, que creu que aquest treball obre camins sobre com seguir amb la investigaci\u00f3: \u201cd&#8217;una banda hem de lluitar contra la deposici\u00f3 d&#8217;anticossos que \u00e9s un dels factors cr\u00edtics en l&#8217;augment de la toxicitat i per una altra hem de treballar per reduir l&#8217;adhesi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular modificant alguna de la mol\u00e8cules que hem implicat\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>El pas seg\u00fcent per a l&#8217;aplicaci\u00f3 cl\u00ednica del xenotrasplantament de cart\u00edlag que proposa Costa seria \u201cla modificaci\u00f3 gen\u00e8tica dels condr\u00f2cits porcins, de manera que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK humanes no la reconeguin com estranya, evitant aix\u00ed el rebuig\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Trasplantament de cart\u00edlag<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El trasplantament de cart\u00edlag entre humans no s&#8217;aplica de forma generalitzada en la cl\u00ednica per\u00f2 ja ha donat bons resultats en la regeneraci\u00f3 d&#8217;aquest teixit en lesions traum\u00e0tiques, especialment en esportistes. Es realitzen autotrasplantamentss (amb c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la mateixa persona) o al\u00b7lotrasplantaments (amb c\u00e8l\u00b7lules d&#8217;altra persona). \u201cEn els dos casos\u201d, explica Costa, \u201cla limitaci\u00f3 est\u00e0 en la quantitat de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules. Si aconseguim que el xenotrasplantament funcioni, augmentaria la quantitat i la qualitat de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules disponibles per al trasplantament\u201d. En un futur, segons la investigadora, \u201cpotser podr\u00edem aplicar el xenotrasplantament de condr\u00f2cits porcins a pacients d\u2019artrosi o fins i tot de artritis reumatoide\u201d encara que, ha advertit Costa, \u201cen aquests casos es combinen altres processos inflamatoris i immunol\u00f2gics que en dificulten l\u2019\u00e8xit del trasplantament\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>En l&#8217;estudi han col\u00b7laborat investigadors de l&#8217;Institut d&#8217;Immunologia de la Universitat de Heidelberg a Alemanya.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Refer\u00e8ncia de l\u2019article<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sommaggio R.*, Cohnen A, Watzl C. and Costa C.*. Multiple receptors trigger human NK cell-mediated citotoxicity against porcine chondrocytes. The Journal of Immunology. Doi 10.4049\/\u200bjimmunol.1100433<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK (Natural Killer) juguen un paper important en el rebuig de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de cart\u00edlag porcines El grup d&#8217;investigaci\u00f3 en Noves Ter\u00e0pies de Gens i Trasplantaments de l&#8217;IDIBELL estudia per primera vegada la resposta de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules NK (Natural Killer) d&#8217;humans contra condr\u00f2cits (c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del cart\u00edlag) porcines. Els resultats de la investigaci\u00f3, que es [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23056,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,374,334,479],"tags":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-05-10 06:15:31","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9546"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9546"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9546\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23057,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9546\/revisions\/23057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}