{"id":7903,"date":"2016-10-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-26T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/blog\/2016\/10\/27\/el-llinatge-del-virus-del-papil%e2%80%a2loma-huma-que-causa-cancer-es-va-originar-per-la-transmissio-sexual-dels-neandertals\/"},"modified":"2020-05-13T19:47:04","modified_gmt":"2020-05-13T17:47:04","slug":"el-llinatge-del-virus-del-papil%e2%80%a2loma-huma-que-causa-cancer-es-va-originar-per-la-transmissio-sexual-dels-neandertals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2016\/10\/el-llinatge-del-virus-del-papil%e2%80%a2loma-huma-que-causa-cancer-es-va-originar-per-la-transmissio-sexual-dels-neandertals\/","title":{"rendered":"El llinatge del virus del papil\u2022loma hum\u00e0 que causa c\u00e0ncer es va originar per la transmissi\u00f3 sexual dels neandertals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Un estudi recent dirigit per <strong>Ville Pimenoff<\/strong> de l\u2019Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Oncologia\/IDIBELL i <strong>Ignacio Bravo<\/strong> del <em>Centre Nacional d&#8217;Investigacions Cient\u00edfiques de Fran\u00e7a <\/em>(CNRS) s\u2019ha descobert que un llinatge particular del virus del papil\u00b7loma, associat amb el c\u00e0ncer anogenital, \u00e9s molt probable que s\u2019origin\u00e9s a trav\u00e9s de la transmissi\u00f3 sexual des dels neandertals-denisovans arcaics als humans moderns. En aquest estudi ha estat publicat a 30 de setembre a la revista Journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution (DOI: 10.1093 \/ molbev \/ msw214). <\/p>\n<p> Estudis anteriors mostren que quasi totes les persones amb ascend\u00e8ncia euroasi\u00e0tica tenen una petita proporci\u00f3 d\u2019ADN neandertal en ells \u2013fins un 5% del genoma hum\u00e0- i ara s\u2019ha fet evident que els \u00e9ssers humans van heretar dels neandertals una mica m\u00e9s del que s\u2019esperava: concretament, la infecci\u00f3 del papil\u00b7loma virus per <\/p>\n<p>transmissi\u00f3 sexual. <\/p>\n<p> Un grup d\u2019uns 40 virus del papil\u00b7loma hum\u00e0 (VPH) s\u00f3n les infeccions m\u00e9s comuns de transmissi\u00f3 sexual, i pr\u00e0cticament totes les persones presenten aquestes infeccions per VPH en algun moment de la seva vida fins que desapareixen de forma natural per mitj\u00e0 del sistema immune. Tan mateix, en el cas de la infecci\u00f3 persistent per VPH, especialment la soca 16 (HPV16), la infecci\u00f3 sovint condueix al c\u00e0ncer de coll d\u2019\u00fater, vulva, vagina, penis o anus. <\/p>\n<p> Amb la reconstrucci\u00f3 de l\u2019ascend\u00e8ncia, la temporitzaci\u00f3 de l\u2019arbre evolutiu del HPV16 amb un detall mai vist, i mitjan\u00e7ant la comparativa de les hist\u00f2ries evolutives del HPV16 amb la dels \u00e9ssers humans, s\u2019ha trobat un nou patr\u00f3. <\/p>\n<p> Ara, els investigadors han generat una evid\u00e8ncia convincent de que el HPV16 va codivergir amb els humans arcaics i moderns \u2013 nom\u00e9s per ser repoblat en una data molt posterior a trav\u00e9s del seu contacte amb els neandertals-Denisovans \u2013 desafiant el sup\u00f2sit de que el HPV16 va coevolucionar \u00fanicament amb els humans moderns. Durant l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 del HPV16, les variants A i B\/C\/D van codivergir amb els humans arcaics i moderns respectivament. Quan les poblacions d\u2019humans moderns varen sortir d\u2019\u00c0frica i van mantenir relacions sexuals amb els neandertals i els Denisovans es van infectar per la variant HPV16A que havia evolucionat amb els humans arcaics. Posteriorment, aquesta variant ha prosperat i s\u2019ha est\u00e8s entre els humans moderns. <\/p>\n<p> El Dr. Ville Pimenoff, primer autor de l\u2019estudi, conclou: \u201cPer a nosaltres, els resultats suggereixen, a m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, que els nostres avantpassats no nom\u00e9s varen creuar-se en gran mesura amb els neandertals, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 que l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 de pat\u00f2gens com el VPH16 pot prendre direccions sorprenents, tal com la transmissi\u00f3 sexual dels humans arcaics als moderns. Per\u00f2 a difer\u00e8ncia del passat, avui dia tenim preservatius i vacunes per protegir contra aquestes infeccions. Per tant, valorem positivament que el nostre estudi hagi estat \u00e0mpliament dif\u00f3s en els mitjans de comunicaci\u00f3, i esperem que els lectors adquireixin un major coneixement sobre les vacunes disponibles contra el VPH i el seu paper en la prevenci\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ville Pimenoff Ignacio Bravo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10731,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-05-10 06:31:00","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7903"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7903"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7903\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10731"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}