{"id":7611,"date":"2018-07-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-12T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/blog\/2018\/07\/13\/el-tercer-magatzem-dinformacio-biologica-el-codi-de-larn\/"},"modified":"2020-05-13T19:46:19","modified_gmt":"2020-05-13T17:46:19","slug":"el-tercer-magatzem-dinformacio-biologica-el-codi-de-larn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2018\/07\/el-tercer-magatzem-dinformacio-biologica-el-codi-de-larn\/","title":{"rendered":"El tercer magatzem d\u2019informaci\u00f3 biol\u00f2gica: el codi de l’ARN"},"content":{"rendered":"

La forma m\u00e9s coneguda en qu\u00e8 les nostres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i teixits guarden la informaci\u00f3 biol\u00f2gica \u00e9s el codi gen\u00e8tic derivat de la seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de l’ADN (\u00e0cid desoxirribonucleic). Durant les dues \u00faltimes d\u00e8cades, s’ha identificat i investigat el codi epigen\u00e8tic, capa\u00e7 de controlar el nostre ADN a trav\u00e9s d’una s\u00e8rie de marques qu\u00edmiques. Avui, un article publicat a Cell per Manel Esteller, coordinador del Programa d’Epigen\u00e8tica i Biologia del C\u00e0ncer de l’Institut d’Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Investigador ICREA i catedr\u00e0tic de Gen\u00e8tica de la Universitat de Barcelona, \u200b\u200bil\u00b7lustra l’exist\u00e8ncia d’una tercera forma d’emmagatzemar aquesta informaci\u00f3: el codi de l’epitranscriptoma, o dit en altres paraules, les modificacions qu\u00edmiques de l’\u00e0cid ribonucleic (ARN).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

“Sabem des de fa molts anys que els gens, el nostre ADN, “parla” mitjan\u00e7ant l’expressi\u00f3 de mol\u00e8cules d’ARN missatger, i es considerava aquest ARN missatger com a subjecte passiu d’aquest proc\u00e9s de transmissi\u00f3 de la informaci\u00f3. No obstant aix\u00f2, en aquest article a Cell expliquem que l’ARN en si mateix \u00e9s capa\u00e7 d’emmagatzemar informaci\u00f3 biol\u00f2gica altament complexa at\u00e8s que posseeix el seu propi codi de modificacions qu\u00edmiques”, explica el Dr. Manel Esteller.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

“L’ARN missatger \u00e9s l’encarregat de produir les prote\u00efnes, les biomol\u00e8cules que fan tota la feina del nostre cos, des de contreure el m\u00fascul a permetre la transformaci\u00f3 de la llum en senyals que el nostre cervell pugui interpretar. Ara sabem que, de forma semblant a l’ADN, pot metilar-se a nivell de les seves peces “C” i “A”, per exemple, pot alterar el seu component “U” o allargar i estendre els seus extrems amb noves peces que no estan presents al genoma”, afegeix l’investigador de l’IDIBELL.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

L’ADN est\u00e0 format per la combinaci\u00f3 de quatre peces: A, C, G i T (Adenina, Citosina, Guanina i Timina). Aquests quatre “maons” s\u00f3n les anomenades bases de l’ADN; quan els 6,000 milions de peces en el nostre genoma es combinen, donen lloc a la variabilitat gen\u00e8tica que permet obtenir la varietat d’aspectes i funcions dels \u00e9ssers vius.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Paral\u00b7lelament, hi ha l’anomenat codi epigen\u00e8tic, que s’assemblaria a una ortografia i gram\u00e0tica del nostre genoma, ja que \u00e9s capa\u00e7 de controlar-lo modificant qu\u00edmicament el nostre ADN i les prote\u00efnes que el regulen. Entre les marques epigen\u00e8tiques m\u00e9s importants trobem la metilaci\u00f3 de l’ADN i les modificacions de les histones, prote\u00efnes que empaqueten el material gen\u00e8tic. A principis d’aquest segle XXI, l’estudi del codi epigen\u00e8tic va viure un “boom” espectacular, ja que es va demostrar que les seves alteracions a nivell de metil-citosina contribueixen al desenvolupament de moltes malalties humanes, entre elles el c\u00e0ncer.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Amb la identificaci\u00f3 de l\u2019epitranscriptoma s’obren nous interrogants a nivell d’investigaci\u00f3. “Ara comencem a saber com aquest tercer codi es controla en c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes, per\u00f2 desconeixem molt sobre com s’altera en la malaltia humana. Ser\u00e0 un repte a desxifrar en la pr\u00f2xima d\u00e8cada”, conclou Esteller.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Article:<\/p>\n

Davalos V, Blanco S, Esteller M. SnapShot: Messenger RNA Modifications. Cell (2018), 174, 498-498e1, DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2018.06.046<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La forma m\u00e9s coneguda en qu\u00e8 les nostres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i teixits guarden la informaci\u00f3 biol\u00f2gica \u00e9s el codi gen\u00e8tic derivat de la seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de l’ADN (\u00e0cid desoxirribonucleic). Durant les dues \u00faltimes d\u00e8cades, s’ha identificat i investigat el codi epigen\u00e8tic, capa\u00e7 de controlar el nostre ADN a trav\u00e9s d’una s\u00e8rie de marques qu\u00edmiques. Avui, un article […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10563,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[332,376],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cancer","category-epigenetica-del-cancer"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-01-29 06:53:57","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7611"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7611\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10563"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}