\u2022\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0En resposta al tractament, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules immunit\u00e0ries del tumor actuen com a elements que fan tornar maligne el tumor.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Investigadors de l’Institut d’Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) i del Programa ProCure de l\u2019Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Onclogia (ICO) publiquen a Cancer Research un estudi on descriuen un nou mecanisme en c\u00e0ncer que torna malignes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules (malignitzaci\u00f3) i que contradiu el que s\u2019havia publicat fins ara respecte a la resist\u00e8ncia a f\u00e0rmacs que eviten la formaci\u00f3 de vasos sanguinis (antiangiog\u00e8nics). La investigaci\u00f3 ha estat liderada pel Dr. Oriol Casanovas, del grup d\u2019Angiog\u00e8nesi Tumoral de l\u2019IDIBELL, i la Dra. Iratxe Zuazo hi ha participat com a una de les primeres autores.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
En la cerca de factors alternatius per combatre el c\u00e0ncer, el desenvolupament d\u2019anticossos com a via terap\u00e8utica n\u2019\u00e9s una d\u2019elles. Els anticossos poden tenir un efecte antitumoral, evitant que els tumors es desenvolupin adequadament. En aquest estudi es va observar que un d\u2019aquests anticossos condu\u00efa a uns efectes similars als coneguts per als tradicionals medicaments antiangiog\u00e8nics. No obstant, la resposta inicial al tractament culminava amb l\u2019aparici\u00f3 de resist\u00e8ncia i malignitzaci\u00f3 a llarg termini a trav\u00e9s d\u2019un mecanisme desconegut fins el moment.\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u201cEn la formaci\u00f3 de vasos sanguinis (angiog\u00e8nesi) s\u2019havia descrit que les condicions de baixa concentraci\u00f3 d\u2019oxigen (hip\u00f2xia) en el tumor eren la causa de la malignitzaci\u00f3 de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals, \u00e9s a dir, que es tornessin m\u00e9s agressives i migressin\u201d comenta la Dra. Iratxe Zuazo, \u201cper\u00f2 les nostres mostres no presentaven condicions d\u2019hip\u00f2xia i segu\u00edem tenint aquest efecte\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
L\u2019antic\u00f2s de l\u2019estudi tenia com a diana la Semaforina 4D (Sema4D). Les semaforines s\u00f3n una gran fam\u00edlia molt diversa de prote\u00efnes de l\u2019exterior de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, implicades en la senyalitzaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular, que s\u00f3n essencials pel desenvolupament i manteniment de molts \u00f2rgans i teixits. Algunes d\u2019elles tenen implicacions en angiog\u00e8nesi i progressi\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer. El seu nom prov\u00e9 de grec semaphero que significa \u201cportador de senyals\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Sema4D \u00e9s una prote\u00efna que s\u2019expressa majorit\u00e0riament a la membrana de tumors s\u00f2lids, en c\u00e0ncers com el de mama, de pr\u00f2stata i el de c\u00f2lon. Aquesta prote\u00efna tamb\u00e9 es troba en macr\u00f2fags associats a tumors (TAMs), que s\u00f3n c\u00e8l\u00b7lules immunit\u00e0ries que tenen un paper important en la invasi\u00f3 dels tumors, en la formaci\u00f3 de tumors i en la met\u00e0stasi. La Semaphorina 4D tamb\u00e9 est\u00e0 relacionada amb la formaci\u00f3 de vasos sanguinis.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Davant d\u2019aquesta nova situaci\u00f3, els investigadors van buscar quin podia ser el factor diferencial respecte el que es coneixia fins ara, i es van adonar que hi havia for\u00e7a pres\u00e8ncia de macr\u00f2fags. Van veure que, en pres\u00e8ncia de l\u2019antic\u00f2s anti-Sema4D, els macr\u00f2fags secretaven una mol\u00e8cula nomenada SDF1, que provoca que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals migrin m\u00e9s: que presentin m\u00e9s motilitat i m\u00e9s invasi\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Aquestes proves es van fer en models transg\u00e8nics de ratolins i el que s\u2019observava era una superviv\u00e8ncia augmentada dels animals a curt termini. A llarg termini, per\u00f2, es generava un efecte indesitjat (met\u00e0stasi), empitjorant significativament la condici\u00f3 dels ratolins.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u201cAra que coneixem el nou mecanisme, podem comen\u00e7ar a buscar una manera d\u2019inhibir-lo -evitant que se secreti SDF1, per exemple- i, d\u2019aquesta manera, donar una alternativa per tenir tan sols els efectes positius de l\u2019antic\u00f2s\u201d explica el Dr. Oriol Casanovas. I afegeix que \u201ces tractaria depenent de cada cas, duent a terme ter\u00e0pies simult\u00e0nies amb dos f\u00e0rmacs alhora\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u201cEl que proposem \u00e9s que es tingui tamb\u00e9 en compte el sistema immune a l\u2019hora de realitzar algunes ter\u00e0pies, perqu\u00e8 ara sabem que pot existir la possibilitat d\u2019activar-lo amb alguns f\u00e0rmacs\u201d conclou la Dra. Iratxe Zuazo.
\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
El mecanisme no activa la disminuci\u00f3 d\u2019oxigen dins les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del tumor, contr\u00e0riament al que solen provocar els f\u00e0rmacs comuns, anomenats antiangiog\u00e8nics<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10466,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[397,332],"tags":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-05-08 20:58:21","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7450"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7450"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7450\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7450"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}