{"id":7374,"date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-04T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/blog\/2019\/12\/05\/lestat-dhibernacio-mante-les-cel%c2%b7lules-mare-hematopoetiques-joves\/"},"modified":"2023-11-22T16:47:32","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T15:47:32","slug":"lestat-dhibernacio-mante-les-cellules-mare-hematopoetiques-joves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2019\/12\/lestat-dhibernacio-mante-les-cellules-mare-hematopoetiques-joves\/","title":{"rendered":"L’estat d\u2019’hivernaci\u00f3’ mant\u00e9 les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques joves"},"content":{"rendered":"
Tots els teixits envelleixen. El sistema de formaci\u00f3 de sang es veu especialment afectat pels processos d’envelliment. Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques, precursores de la sang i les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules immunes, envelleixen excepcionalment r\u00e0pid, perdent la capacitat de dividir-se i regenerar-se. Aix\u00f2 debilita el sistema immunitari i augmenta el risc de c\u00e0ncer de sang. Un equip internacional dirigit per investigadors d’Ulm i Barcelona ha descobert n\u00ednxols especials en la medul\u00b7la \u00f2ssia que protegeixen les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques dels processos d’envelliment. En aquests n\u00ednxols protegits, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare es posen en un estat d’hibernaci\u00f3 en el qual es divideixen amb menys freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia i, per tant, romanen ‘joves’. Els cient\u00edfics tamb\u00e9 van trobar que la quimioter\u00e0pia \u00e9s fatal per a aquests n\u00ednxols.<\/p>\n
“Els n\u00ednxols de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare s\u00f3n una mena de casa protectora que \u00e9s crucial per al benestar dels seus “habitants” de n\u00ednxol, ja que donen suport en gran mesura al manteniment i funcionament de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques”, explica el professor Hartmut Geiger, director de l’Institut de Molecular Medicina a la Universitat d’Ulm. En un estudi publicat recentment a Nature Cell Biology, una de les principals revistes cient\u00edfiques en el camp de la biologia de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare, un equip internacional d’investigadors dirigit per la Dra. Carolina Florian va poder demostrar que certs n\u00ednxols de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare tenen un gran impacte en els processos d’envelliment. La coordinadora de l’estudi s’ha mudat recentment de l’Institut de Medicina Molecular d\u2019Ulm al Centre de Medicina Regenerativa de Barcelona (CMR[B]). El CMR[B], dirigit pel professor \u00c1ngel Raya, aviat s’integrar\u00e0 a l’IDIBELL per millorar la translaci\u00f3 cl\u00ednica dels enfocaments de medicina regenerativa i el coneixement cient\u00edfic b\u00e0sic. ‘La rapidesa i l’edat de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques dep\u00e8n en gran mesura d’on es trobin en el cos. En el nostre estudi, vam descobrir c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques en ratolins vells que poden dividir-se i regenerar-se al mateix ritme que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare en ratolins m\u00e9s joves ”, va dir Florian.<\/p>\n
Els cient\u00edfics van trobar aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques en un lloc especial: els anomenats n\u00ednxols sinuso\u00efdals a la medul\u00b7la \u00f2ssia. El nom deriva de petits vasos sanguinis, els sinusoides, en el ve\u00efnatge immediat es troben aquests n\u00ednxols especials de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare. Aquests n\u00ednxols subministren a les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare prote\u00efnes que s’uneixen a certs receptors en les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare. Aix\u00f2 estableix l ‘anomenada via de senyalitzaci\u00f3 de Notch i fa que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare caiguin en un estat d\u2019’hibernaci\u00f3’.<\/p>\n
Durant la seva feina amb el model de ratol\u00ed, els investigadors van descobrir altres troballes que tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n de gran rellev\u00e0ncia, especialment en el context cl\u00ednic. ‘Els n\u00ednxols sinuso\u00efdals que protegeixen a les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques dels processos d’envelliment reaccionen de manera extremadament sensible a certes quimioter\u00e0pies, el que les deixa greument danyades. Com a resultat, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare “joves” en ratolins vells van perdre protecci\u00f3 i suport, el que al seu torn va perjudicar la formaci\u00f3 de sang nova i va activar el sistema immunol\u00f2gic “, explica Mehmet Sacma. L’estudiant de doctorat i el seu col\u00b7lega Johannes Pospiech del laboratori Geiger comparteixen la primera autoria d’aquesta publicaci\u00f3 d’alt rang. “les nostres troballes podrien explicar per qu\u00e8 certes quimioter\u00e0pies tenen efectes secundaris tan greus en les persones grans i possiblement podrien proporcionar nous punts de partida per a tractaments m\u00e8dics que preservin aquests n\u00ednxols especials de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare” , creu la Dra. Carolina Florian.<\/p>\n
Aquest projecte tamb\u00e9 ha obert nous camins amb l’\u00fas de m\u00e8todes d’avantguarda de gen\u00e8tica i biologia molecular, aix\u00ed com m\u00e8todes per al modelatge matem\u00e0tic i la creaci\u00f3 d’imatges noves. “Em van impressionar particularment les noves possibilitats d’an\u00e0lisi bioinform\u00e0tic que ens van permetre localitzar i fer que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare i els seus n\u00ednxols fossin clarament visibles”, va dir la professora Medhanie Mulaw, coautora de l’estudi. Es pot trobar una il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 de la feina a la portada de l’edici\u00f3 de novembre de Nature Cell Biology<\/em>. El projecte de recerca, que tamb\u00e9 va involucrar a cient\u00edfics d’Heidelberg, Friburg, Dresden, Cincinnati i Cambridge, va ser finan\u00e7at en gran part per la Fundaci\u00f3 Alemanya d’Investigaci\u00f3 (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; abreviatura: DFG)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tots els teixits envelleixen. El sistema de formaci\u00f3 de sang es veu especialment afectat pels processos d’envelliment. Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare hematopo\u00e8tiques, precursores de la sang i les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules immunes, envelleixen excepcionalment r\u00e0pid, perdent la capacitat de dividir-se i regenerar-se. Aix\u00f2 debilita el sistema immunitari i augmenta el risc de c\u00e0ncer de sang. Un equip internacional […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,484,349,482],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sin-categorizar","category-envelliment-de-cellules-mare","category-medicina-regenerativa","category-p-de-medicina-regenerativa"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-01-03 01:31:11","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7374"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24645,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7374\/revisions\/24645"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}