La incid\u00e8ncia de les afeccions gastrointestinals ha augmentat en els \u00faltims anys. Es tracta de malalties diverses, des del c\u00e0ncer colorectal a la malaltia inflamat\u00f2ria intestinal, per\u00f2 tenen certs factors de risc en com\u00fa, sobretot els relacionats amb l\u2019estil de vida: l\u2019obesitat, el consum de tabac, el sedentarisme i la dieta. La dieta \u00e9s un factor de risc en totes elles i un regulador crucial de l\u2019expressi\u00f3 g\u00e8nica, que t\u00e9 un paper important en afeccions com el c\u00e0ncer colorectal i les malalties inflamat\u00f2ries intestinals.<\/p>\n
Amb la intenci\u00f3 de definir millor els mecanismes espec\u00edfics pels quals la dieta modifica el risc de patir malalties intestinals, un grup de recerca liderat pel Dr Victor Moreno, cap del grup de recerca en c\u00e0ncer colorectal de l\u2019IDIBELL i l\u2019ICO, ha analitzat les dades l\u2019expressi\u00f3 g\u00e8nica i de la dieta d\u2019una cohort de 436 persones. Per una banda, han quantificat l\u2019RNA \u2013 mol\u00e8cula indicadora de l\u2019expressi\u00f3 de l\u2019ADN \u2013 present en mostres del seu teixit col\u00f2nic, mentre que per altra banda han obtingut q\u00fcestionaris de freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de consum d\u2019aliments. Tot comparant ambdues dades per cada participant, els investigadors han analitzat en quins gens es veia incrementada o disminu\u00efda la seva expressi\u00f3 en relaci\u00f3 als aliments i grups d\u2019aliments consumits.<\/p>\n
Els resultats mostren que la ingesta de menjars com el peix blau, l\u2019alcohol i les patates t\u00e9 un gran impacte en l\u2019expressi\u00f3 de gens relacionats amb la reparaci\u00f3 de l\u2019ADN, la funci\u00f3 immunit\u00e0ria i la glicosilaci\u00f3 de prote\u00efnes, entre altres, en el cas d\u2019individus sans. Aix\u00ed doncs, es pot concloure que la dieta t\u00e9 un paper important en la gen\u00e8tica i el funcionament del c\u00f2lon, tot i que fa falta fer m\u00e9s estudis per tal de descriure aquests processos amb m\u00e9s detall i poder con\u00e8ixer el potencial de la dieta per prevenir o tractar afeccions intestinals.<\/p>\n
Nutrici\u00f3 i nutrigen\u00f2mica<\/strong><\/p>\n El patr\u00f3 diet\u00e8tic i els aliments que ingerim tenen un paper important en la regulaci\u00f3 de la microbiota intestinal, l\u2019estr\u00e8s oxidatiu i la inflamaci\u00f3, influenciant per tant el nostre estat de salut general. En el cas del c\u00e0ncer de c\u00f2lon, per exemple, aquesta relaci\u00f3 \u00e9s encara m\u00e9s directa: se sap que el consum de vegetals, el peix i el marisc en redueixen el risc, mentre que les carns vermelles i processades, els dol\u00e7os i els greixos saturats l\u2019incrementen.<\/p>\n A part, la dieta tamb\u00e9 modula l\u2019expressi\u00f3 de certs gens i, com a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, t\u00e9 un paper important en el funcionament dels notres \u00f2rgans. En la majoria de casos, encara no se\u2019n saben els mecanismes concrets, i aquest \u00e9s l\u2019objectiu de la nutrigen\u00f2mica: entendre com la ingesta de diversos aliments afecta l\u2019expressi\u00f3 gen\u00e8tica i el risc de patir certes malalties.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n L\u2019Institut d’Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) \u00e9s un centre de recerca en biomedicina creat l\u2019any 2004. Est\u00e0 participat per l’Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge i l\u2019Hospital de Viladecans de l’Institut Catal\u00e0 de la Salut, l’Institut Catal\u00e0 d’Oncologia, la Universitat de Barcelona i l\u2019Ajuntament de l\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat.<\/em><\/p>\n L\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s membre del Campus d’Excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia Internacional de la Universitat de Barcelona HUBc i forma part de la instituci\u00f3 CERCA de la Generalitat de Catalunya. L’any 2009 es va convertir en un dels cinc primers centres d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 espanyols acreditats com a institut d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria per l\u2019Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A m\u00e9s, forma part del programa \u201cHR Excellence in Research\u201d de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i \u00e9s membre de EATRIS i REGIC. Des de l\u2019any 2018, l\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s un Centro Acreditado de la Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica AECC (FCAECC).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Amb m\u00e9s estudis, s\u2019obririen noves vies per contribuir a la prevenci\u00f3 d\u2019afeccions gastrointestinals com el c\u00e0ncer colorectal o les malalties inflamat\u00f2ries intestinals a trav\u00e9s de la dieta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":26319,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[332,375,447],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cancer","category-colorectal","category-p-de-mecanismes-molelculars-i-terapia-experimental-en-oncologia-oncobell"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-01-25 08:01:10","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26318","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26318"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26318\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26320,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26318\/revisions\/26320"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}