{"id":24147,"date":"2023-08-30T09:57:57","date_gmt":"2023-08-30T07:57:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=24147"},"modified":"2023-08-30T09:57:57","modified_gmt":"2023-08-30T07:57:57","slug":"primera-avaluacio-de-lheterogeneitat-cerebral-individual-en-trastorns-mentals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2023\/08\/primera-avaluacio-de-lheterogeneitat-cerebral-individual-en-trastorns-mentals\/","title":{"rendered":"Primera avaluaci\u00f3 de l\u2019heterogene\u00eftat cerebral individual en trastorns mentals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Malgrat la quantitat d\u2019estudis existents que descriuen les variacions cerebrals en trastorns mentals espec\u00edfics i identifiquen les regions m\u00e9s afectades, <strong>els mecanismes neurobiol\u00f2gics rere aquestes malalties no estan del tot definits i tampoc hi ha marcadors que ajudin a diagnosticar-les. <\/strong>Un dels motius \u00e9s l\u2019<strong>elevada heterogene\u00eftat individual en les afectacions cerebrals associades a aquests trastorns.<\/strong> Investigadors de la Universitat de Monash i de la Radboud University han liderat un estudi amb l\u2019objectiu de comen\u00e7ar a descriure aquesta variaci\u00f3 individual, en el qual ha participat el Dr Carles Soriano-Mas, investigador de l\u2019IDIBELL i la Universitat de Barcelona.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019estudi, publicat a la revista <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41593-023-01404-6\"><em>Nature Neuroscience<\/em><\/a>, analitza les difer\u00e8ncies de volum de mat\u00e8ria gris cerebral en cada un de m\u00e9s de mil pacients amb alguna malaltia mental respecte un grup de participants sans. En concret, s\u2019han incl\u00f2s sis malalties: el trastorn de d\u00e8ficit d\u2019atenci\u00f3 i hiperactivitat, l\u2019espectre autista, la depressi\u00f3, el trastorn bipolar, el trastorn obsessiu compulsiu i l\u2019esquizofr\u00e8nia. Els resultats han mostrat que <strong>menys del 7% d\u2019individus amb el mateix trastorn tenen afectades les mateixes \u00e0rees<\/strong>. Aquesta alta heterogene\u00eftat fa pal\u00b7lesa la complexitat de les malalties mentals i del seu estudi.<\/p>\n<p>En canvi, tot i no estar a la mateixa regi\u00f3 del cervell, <strong>en m\u00e9s de la meitat dels casos s\u2019ha vist que aquestes variacions individuals solen formar part dels mateixos circuits neuronals i xarxes funcionals<\/strong>, indicant una certa relaci\u00f3 i implicaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquests circuits en el desenvolupament d\u2019aquests trastorns mentals. En concret, les alteracions en els circuits prefrontal i parietal i en la xarxa ventral de l\u2019atenci\u00f3 podrien actuar com a marcador general de trastorns mentals, i la resta de circuits implicats variaria en cada una de les condicions.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cAix\u00f2 posa de manifest la import\u00e0ncia d\u2019estudiar els trastorns mentals des d\u2019una perspectiva de xarxes neurals i connectivitat entre regions cerebrals.\u201d<\/em> explica el Dr Soriano-Mas, i afegeix que \u201c<em>Seguint aquesta l\u00ednia de recerca,<\/em> <em>en un futur es podrien arribar a descriure marcadors pel diagn\u00f2stic d\u2019aquests trastorns<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) \u00e9s un centre de recerca en biomedicina creat l\u2019any 2004. Est\u00e0 participat per l&#8217;Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge i l\u2019Hospital de Viladecans de l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 de la Salut, l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 d&#8217;Oncologia, la Universitat de Barcelona i l\u2019Ajuntament de l\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s membre del Campus d&#8217;Excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia Internacional de la Universitat de Barcelona HUBc i forma part de la instituci\u00f3 CERCA de la Generalitat de Catalunya. L&#8217;any 2009 es va convertir en un dels cinc primers centres d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 espanyols acreditats com a institut d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria per l\u2019Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A m\u00e9s, forma part del programa \u201cHR Excellence in Research\u201d de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i \u00e9s membre de EATRIS i REGIC. Des de l\u2019any 2018, l\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s un Centro Acreditado de la Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica AECC (FCAECC).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019an\u00e0lisi de les afectacions cerebrals a nivell individual ha mostrat que hi ha una gran heterogene\u00eftat de regions afectades en individus amb un mateix diagn\u00f2stic cl\u00ednic. Per contra, les alteracions en circuits i xarxes neuronals que impliquen diferents regions s\u00f3n comunes entre diversos trastorns mentals i per tant podrien arribar a ser \u00fatils com a marcadors de diagn\u00f2stic.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":24148,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[340,457,429],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurociencies","category-p-de-neurociencies","category-psiquiatria-i-salut-mental"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-12-29 10:12:00","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24147"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24149,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24147\/revisions\/24149"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}