{"id":22791,"date":"2023-01-26T15:31:07","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T14:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=22791"},"modified":"2023-01-30T17:58:26","modified_gmt":"2023-01-30T16:58:26","slug":"la-mida-de-dues-regions-cerebrals-podria-predir-leficacia-de-la-terapia-psicologica-conductual-en-nens-amb-toc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2023\/01\/la-mida-de-dues-regions-cerebrals-podria-predir-leficacia-de-la-terapia-psicologica-conductual-en-nens-amb-toc\/","title":{"rendered":"La mida de dues regions cerebrals podria predir l&#8217;efic\u00e0cia de la ter\u00e0pia psicol\u00f2gica conductual en nens amb TOC"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Un nou estudi ha trobat que la mida de dues estructures cerebrals s&#8217;associa amb la resposta a la ter\u00e0pia psicol\u00f2gica cognitiu conductual en nens i nenes amb trastorn obsessivocompulsiu (TOC). El treball ha estat liderat per investigadors de l&#8217;Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), l&#8217;Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, la Universitat de Barcelona i el CIBER de Salut Mental (CIBERSAM), i ha estat publicat a la revista <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36526161\/\"><em>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP)<\/em><\/a>, la revista m\u00e9s important a escala internacional a l&#8217;\u00e0mbit de la psiquiatria infantil i juvenil.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;an\u00e0lisi per resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica del cervell de 168 nens i adolescents procedents de centres de tot el m\u00f3n va mostrar que aquells que presentaven <strong>dues regions de l&#8217;escor\u00e7a prefrontal de mida major<\/strong> mostraven una reducci\u00f3 superior dels s\u00edmptomes obsessivocompulsius despr\u00e9s de la intervenci\u00f3 amb ter\u00e0pia de la conducta. Els resultats obtinguts podrien significar que aquells pacients amb m\u00e9s desenvolupament d&#8217;aquestes estructures prefrontals, relacionades amb la resposta a l&#8217;ansietat, podrien tenir m\u00e9s capacitat per aprofitar les estrat\u00e8gies de regulaci\u00f3 emocional proporcionades per la ter\u00e0pia de conducta.<\/p>\n<p>El <strong>Dr. Carles Soriano<\/strong>, investigador principal a l&#8217;IDIBELL i la Facultat de Psicologia de la Universitat de Barcelona, i membre de CIBERSAM, indica que &#8220;<em>la identificaci\u00f3 d&#8217;aquestes estructures pot suposar una gran millora en el maneig cl\u00ednic dels nens i nenes amb TOC<\/em>&#8220;. I afegeix, &#8220;<em>tot i que la ter\u00e0pia conductual t\u00e9 una efectivitat superior al 60%, encara en desconeixem gran part dels mecanismes d&#8217;acci\u00f3. Aix\u00f2 ens impedeix predir quins pacients se&#8217;n poden beneficiar, i evitar costosos processos d&#8217;assaig error i\/o modificar els factors responsables del frac\u00e0s de la ter\u00e0pia<\/em>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>En el mateix estudi tamb\u00e9 es va estudiar una <strong>\u00e0mplia mostra d&#8217;adults<\/strong>. Tot i aix\u00f2, no es va observar correlaci\u00f3 entre les estructures cerebrals i l&#8217;efic\u00e0cia de la ter\u00e0pia. Aix\u00ed, malgrat que la ter\u00e0pia de conducta \u00e9s igualment efectiva, els resultats indiquen que els mecanismes d&#8217;acci\u00f3 d&#8217;aquesta intervenci\u00f3 poden diferir respecte als dels nens.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>La ter\u00e0pia cognitiu conductual en el trastorn obsessivocompulsiu<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>El trastorn obsessivocompulsiu generalment es manifesta en la poblaci\u00f3 infantil amb <strong>ansietat davant de diferents situacions<\/strong> que es perceben com a molestes o poc controlables, cosa que resulta en la necessitat de, per exemple, organitzar les coses d&#8217;una determinada manera, repetir paraules o conductes un nombre determinat de vegades, o assegurar-se repetidament que una acci\u00f3, com la de tancar la llum, s&#8217;ha realitzat amb \u00e8xit. Aquests s\u00edmptomes interfereixen en el desenvolupament normal de les activitats familiars, socials i acad\u00e8miques d&#8217;aquests nens i nenes, afectant significativament el benestar i el de la fam\u00edlia.<\/p>\n<p>El tractament d&#8217;elecci\u00f3 per a aquests casos \u00e9s la ter\u00e0pia cognitiu conductual, una forma d&#8217;intervenci\u00f3 psicol\u00f2gica que es basa a exposar el pacient, de manera controlada, a les situacions que generen ansietat i deixar que aquesta ansietat s&#8217;acabi extingint. A m\u00e9s, per aconseguir aquesta normalitzaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;ansietat durant l&#8217;exposici\u00f3 a les situacions temudes, sovint es fan servir estrat\u00e8gies cognitives, o de modulaci\u00f3 del pensament.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) \u00e9s un centre de recerca en biomedicina creat l\u2019any 2004. Est\u00e0 participat per l&#8217;Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge i l\u2019Hospital de Viladecans de l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 de la Salut, l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 d&#8217;Oncologia, la Universitat de Barcelona i l\u2019Ajuntament de l\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s membre del Campus d&#8217;Excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia Internacional de la Universitat de Barcelona HUBc i forma part de la instituci\u00f3 CERCA de la Generalitat de Catalunya. L&#8217;any 2009 es va convertir en un dels cinc primers centres d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 espanyols acreditats com a institut d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria per l\u2019Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A m\u00e9s, forma part del programa \u201cHR Excellence in Research\u201d de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i \u00e9s membre de EATRIS i REGIC. Des de l\u2019any 2018, l\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s un Centro Acreditado de la Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica AECC (FCAECC).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un treball de l&#8217;Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), l&#8217;Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, la Universitat de Barcelona i CIBERSAM observa que aquells nens i nenes que presenten una mida major en dues estructures de l&#8217;escor\u00e7a prefrontal responen millor a la ter\u00e0pia cognitiu conductual.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":22793,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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