{"id":22062,"date":"2022-08-11T11:04:28","date_gmt":"2022-08-11T09:04:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=22062"},"modified":"2022-08-11T11:16:57","modified_gmt":"2022-08-11T09:16:57","slug":"control-del-tabaquisme-al-segle-xxi-una-perspectiva-global-i-local","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2022\/08\/control-del-tabaquisme-al-segle-xxi-una-perspectiva-global-i-local\/","title":{"rendered":"Control del tabaquisme al segle XXI: una perspectiva global i local"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nombrosos informes, des de l’emblem\u00e0tic Surgeon General Report del 1964, han sistematitzat les terribles conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies del tabaquisme en la salut tant de les persones fumadores com no fumadores. A finals del segle XX, el tabac ja havia causat 100 milions de morts a tot el m\u00f3n; \u00e9s, per tant, una de les principals causes de morts prematures totalment prevenibles. S’ha estimat que, si no canvien les tend\u00e8ncies actuals, mil milions de persones podrien morir per causes relacionades amb el tabac (c\u00e0ncer, malalties cardiovasculars, diabetis, malaltia pulmonar obstructiva cr\u00f2nica i altres respirat\u00f2ries) durant el segle XXI.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

La globalitzaci\u00f3 de la segona meitat del segle XX va permetre que una ind\u00fastria sense escr\u00fapols aliment\u00e9s l’epid\u00e8mia del tabaquisme, promocionant i venent un producte altament addictiu. L’epid\u00e8mia de tabaquisme es va convertir en una de les primeres pand\u00e8mies a gran escala. El 1999, es van iniciar els tr\u00e0mits per crear el Conveni Marc de l’OMS per al Control del Tabac (CMCT), el primer tractat internacional de salut sota els auspicis de les Nacions Unides a trav\u00e9s de la seva ag\u00e8ncia per a la salut p\u00fablica mundial. En aquest editorial Esteve Fern\u00e1ndez i Armando Peruga repassen els \u00e8xits recents en el control del tabac i analitzen els desafiaments pendents al segle XXI per a la comunitat internacional ia Espanya.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Entre els \u00e8xits recents destaca, en primer lloc, l’entrada en vigor del CMCT el 2005, que segurament ha estat la fita m\u00e9s important, no nom\u00e9s per al control del tabaquisme, sin\u00f3 com a paradigma de mesura de salut p\u00fablica a escala global. El CMCT ha facilitat una caiguda tant a la prevalen\u00e7a del tabaquisme com a l’exposici\u00f3 al fum ambiental del tabac. Aquest tractat internacional ja ha estat adoptat per 181 pa\u00efsos i la Uni\u00f3 Europea, que donen compte del 90% de la poblaci\u00f3 del planeta. A m\u00e9s, emparat al CMCT, s’ha promulgat (2018) el Tractat per Eliminar el Comer\u00e7 Il\u00b7l\u00edcit de Tabac, que ja compta amb 63 pa\u00efsos signants i la Uni\u00f3 Europea. Aquests tractats redefineixen el paper del dret internacional a la prevenci\u00f3 de malalties i la promoci\u00f3 de la salut. Tots dos tractats busquen establir la cooperaci\u00f3 entre pa\u00efsos per abordar, per exemple, la publicitat transfronterera i el comer\u00e7 il\u00b7l\u00edcit.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Llegeix l’editorial completa d’Esteve Fern\u00e1ndez i Armando Peruga a Medicina Cl\u00ednica<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Entre els \u00e8xits recents destaca, en primer lloc, l’entrada en vigor del Conveni Marc de l’OMS per al Control del Tabac el 2005, que ha estat segurament la fita m\u00e9s important, no nom\u00e9s per al control del tabaquisme, sin\u00f3 com a paradigma de mesura de salut p\u00fablica a escala global.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":22063,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[332,454,456],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cancer","category-p-depidemiologia-salut-publica-prevencio-del-cancer-i-cures-palliatives","category-recerca-en-control-del-tabac"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-12-29 02:47:04","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22062"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22062\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22065,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22062\/revisions\/22065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}