{"id":21246,"date":"2022-04-27T17:17:09","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T15:17:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=21246"},"modified":"2022-04-28T09:54:38","modified_gmt":"2022-04-28T07:54:38","slug":"els-factors-psicosocials-determinen-lefectivitat-de-lautocura-en-pacients-amb-insuficiencia-cardiaca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2022\/04\/els-factors-psicosocials-determinen-lefectivitat-de-lautocura-en-pacients-amb-insuficiencia-cardiaca\/","title":{"rendered":"Els factors psicosocials determinen l\u2019efectivitat de l\u2019autocura en pacients amb insufici\u00e8ncia card\u00edaca"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La prevalen\u00e7a de les <strong>insufici\u00e8ncies card\u00edaques<\/strong> (IC) creix de forma sostinguda a les societats occidentals des de fa anys i a hores d\u2019ara s\u2019estima que afecten a un percentatge d\u2019entre l\u20191% i el 2% de la poblaci\u00f3. La millora continuada de les eines terap\u00e8utiques i els tractaments han propiciat un augment de la superviv\u00e8ncia mitjana dels pacients d\u2019IC, que se situa sobre un 60% als 5 anys. Despr\u00e9s de rebre l\u2019alta m\u00e8dica, la capacitat dels pacients per adoptar h\u00e0bits i pr\u00e0ctiques saludables en la seva vida quotidiana, que van des de l\u2019alimentaci\u00f3 a l\u2019activitat f\u00edsica, esdev\u00e9 un component essencial per millorar la seva qualitat de vida i reduir els riscos de l\u2019agreujament de la malaltia.<\/p>\n<p>Un equip d\u2019investigadors i professionals sanitaris de l\u2019IDIBELL i l\u2019HUB ha dut a terme un estudi amb un total de <strong>1.123 persones amb IC<\/strong> amb l\u2019objectiu d\u2019identificar els <strong>factors psicosocials associats a una pitjor autocura<\/strong>. S\u2019han avaluat amb detall els par\u00e0metres demogr\u00e0fics, cl\u00ednics i socials de cadascun d\u2019aquests pacients. \u201c<em>Aix\u00f2 ha perm\u00e8s identificar la <strong>manca de recursos de suport social i familiar, com ara els serveis d\u2019un cuidador, i l\u2019aparici\u00f3 de s\u00edmptomes de depressi\u00f3<\/strong> com els principals factors de d\u2019abandonament de l\u2019autocura<\/em>\u201d, tal i com explica <strong>Esther Calero<\/strong>, investigadora de l\u2019IDIBELL, infermera del Servei de Cardiologia de l\u2019Hospital de Bellvitge i primera autora del treball. El treball s\u2019ha publicat al <em>International Journal of Nursing Studies<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Entre les conclusions de la recerca, destaca la recomanaci\u00f3 de complementar l\u2019avaluaci\u00f3 cl\u00ednica del pacient amb una <strong>avaluaci\u00f3 psicosocial i sociecon\u00f2mica integral<\/strong>, per tal d\u2019identificar els obstacles potencials per tenir una autocura \u00f2ptima i aix\u00ed facilitar el disseny d\u2019actuacions espec\u00edfiques per a cada cas, un proc\u00e9s en el qual la infermeria juga un paper decissiu. Per altra banda, el proc\u00e9s d\u2019autocura necessita de l\u2019educaci\u00f3 i coneixement voluntari del pacient per al maneig de la IC. En aquest sentit, s\u2019observa que un pitjor seguiment de les mesures d\u2019autocura pot minvar la capacitat del pacient per recon\u00e8ixer els primers s\u00edmptomes de possibles descompensacions, el qual pot tenir conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies negatives. Una altra de les conclusions de l\u2019estudi \u00e9s que els nivells m\u00e9s elevats d\u2019autocura en pacients amb IC es registren entre les<strong> dones<\/strong>, fet que s\u2019associa amb el paper cuidador tradicionalment exercit per aquestes envers fills, parelles, gent gran o persones amb depend\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019estudi s\u2019emmarca en el Programa Territorial d\u2019Atenci\u00f3 Integrada al Pacient amb Insufici\u00e8ncia Card\u00edaca Comunit\u00e0ria de la Ger\u00e8ncia Territorial Metropolitana Sud de l\u2019ICS. Aquest programa es basa en el manteniment de la continu\u00eftat assistencial entre l\u2019hospital i l\u2019atenci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria i est\u00e0 coordinat pel <strong>Dr. Josep Com\u00edn<\/strong>, cap del grup d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 en <a href=\"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/recerca\/area-de-medicina-translacional\/programa-de-malalties-cardiovasculars-respiratories-sistemiques-i-denvelliment-cel%C2%B7lular\/malalties-cardiovasculars\/\">malalties cardiovasculars<\/a> de l\u2019IDIBELL i cap del Servei de Cardiologia de l\u2019HUB, i Coral Fern\u00e1ndez, adjunta a la Direcci\u00f3 d\u2019Atenci\u00f3 Prim\u00e0ria Metropolitana Sud.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) \u00e9s un centre de recerca en biomedicina creat l\u2019any 2004. Est\u00e0 participat per l\u2019Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge i l\u2019Hospital de Viladecans de l\u2019Institut Catal\u00e0 de la Salut, l\u2019Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Oncologia, la Universitat de Barcelona i l\u2019Ajuntament de l\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s membre del Campus d\u2019Excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia Internacional de la Universitat de Barcelona HUBc i forma part de la instituci\u00f3 CERCA de la Generalitat de Catalunya. L\u2019any 2009 es va convertir en un dels cinc primers centres d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 espanyols acreditats com a institut d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria per l\u2019Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A m\u00e9s, forma part del programa \u201cHR Excellence in Research\u201d de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i \u00e9s membre de EATRIS i REGIC. Des de l\u2019any 2018, l\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s un Centro Acreditado de la Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica AECC (FCAECC).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La manca de suport familiar i social i els s\u00edmptomes depressius s\u00f3n els principals elements que deterioren la capacitat dels pacients per adoptar h\u00e0bits i pr\u00e0ctiques saludables.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":21247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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