{"id":16367,"date":"2021-02-02T12:06:47","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T11:06:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=16367"},"modified":"2021-02-02T17:46:59","modified_gmt":"2021-02-02T16:46:59","slug":"un-nou-algoritme-classifica-els-tipus-de-sarcoma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2021\/02\/un-nou-algoritme-classifica-els-tipus-de-sarcoma\/","title":{"rendered":"Un nou algoritme classifica els tipus de sarcoma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La setmana passada es va publicar un algoritme dirigit a l\u2019an\u00e0lisi de sarcomes, que classifica aquests tumors malignes segons unes conegudes empremtes moleculars: el patr\u00f3 de metilaci\u00f3 de l\u2019ADN. Tres investigadors de l\u2019IDIBELL han estat part\u00edcips d\u2019aquest estudi, publicat a la revista <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-020-20603-4\"><em>Nature Communications<\/em><\/a>. L\u2019algoritme que, pel moment, encerta vora el 70% dels casos, est\u00e0 disponible de forma gratu\u00efta al web de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.molecularsarcomapathology.org\/\">molecularsarcomapathology.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Els sarcomes s\u00f3n tumors malignes de teixit conjuntiu tou (com ara m\u00fasculs, greix o vasos sanguinis) i ossi. La variabilitat morfol\u00f2gica d\u2019aquests tumors fan dif\u00edcil distingir-ne el tipus i, per tant, el seu pron\u00f2stic i tractament. Com que els i les histopat\u00f2logues tenen problemes per classificar els sarcomes, actualment ja es diagnostiquen mitjan\u00e7ant t\u00e8cniques moleculars. Concretament, s\u2019utilitzen bi\u00f2psies per detectar possibles fusions de gens, un tipus de mutaci\u00f3 a l\u2019ADN que pot provocar c\u00e0ncer, per\u00f2 que no n\u2019explica tots els casos.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019ADN es veu afectat per l\u2019ambient i tot el que passa al seu voltant, de manera que hi tenen lloc unes alteracions que regulen la expressi\u00f3 dels gens, sense modificar-los. \u00c9s el que \u00e9s coneix com modificacions epigen\u00e8tiques, entre les quals es troba la metilaci\u00f3. El conjunt de metilacions al llarg de l\u2019estructura de l\u2019ADN formen un patr\u00f3 espec\u00edfic a cada tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lula, tamb\u00e9 en les tumorals. Els i les investigadores de l\u2019estudi han fet servir aquestes empremtes moleculars per desenvolupar el classificador. Espec\u00edficament, han entrenat un algoritme amb els patrons de metilaci\u00f3 de 1077 sarcomes, que havien estat pr\u00e8viament caracteritzats amb \u00e8xit. Un cop entrenat, s\u2019ha verificat la capacitat predictiva en 428 sarcomes diferents, la classificaci\u00f3 dels quals concorda amb el diagn\u00f2stic previ en 263 casos (61%) i fins i tot corregeix un diagn\u00f2stic previ erroni en 29 casos (7%).\u00a0 Nom\u00e9s en 4 casos (1%) el predictor ha classificat de forma incorrecta.<\/p>\n<p>Els i les autores de l\u2019estudi asseguren que l\u2019algoritme t\u00e9 recorregut de millora. Per una banda, pretenen entrenar-lo amb m\u00e9s mostres per tal que hi hagi una millor representaci\u00f3 dels tipus de sarcomes m\u00e9s inusuals. D\u2019altra banda, creuen que algunes mostres contenen una gran proporci\u00f3 de teixit no tumoral dins el sarcoma, t\u00edpicament c\u00e8l\u00b7lules inflamat\u00f2ries. En aquest sentit creuen que poden optimitzar l\u2019algoritme tenint en compte els patrons de metilaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquestes altres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Imatge: Adaptat de Lena Jakob, Gisela Metzler, Ko-Ming Chen, Claus Garbe \/ wikicommons i Starline \/ Freepik<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) \u00e9s un centre de recerca en biomedicina creat l\u2019any 2004. Est\u00e0 participat per l&#8217;Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge i l\u2019Hospital de Viladecans de l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 de la Salut, l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 d&#8217;Oncologia, la Universitat de Barcelona i l\u2019Ajuntament de l\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s membre del Campus d&#8217;Excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia Internacional de la Universitat de Barcelona HUBc i forma part de la instituci\u00f3 CERCA de la Generalitat de Catalunya. L&#8217;any 2009 es va convertir en un dels cinc primers centres d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 espanyols acreditats com a institut d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria per l\u2019Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A m\u00e9s, forma part del programa \u201cHR Excellence in Research\u201d de la Uni\u00f3 Europea i \u00e9s membre de EATRIS i REGIC. Des de l\u2019any 2018, l\u2019IDIBELL \u00e9s un Centro Acreditado de la Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica AECC (FCAECC).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un estudi internacional ha desenvolupat un algoritme capa\u00e7 de distingir entre una gran varietat de sarcomes, classificant-los segons les seves empremtes moleculars.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":16368,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[332,447,398],"tags":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-05-11 13:49:04","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16367"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16367"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16367\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}