{"id":15626,"date":"2020-11-17T16:00:36","date_gmt":"2020-11-17T15:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=15626"},"modified":"2020-11-17T16:11:55","modified_gmt":"2020-11-17T15:11:55","slug":"nova-estrategia-mundial-per-eliminar-el-cancer-de-cervix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2020\/11\/nova-estrategia-mundial-per-eliminar-el-cancer-de-cervix\/","title":{"rendered":"Nova estrat\u00e8gia mundial per eliminar el c\u00e0ncer de c\u00e8rvix"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El c\u00e0ncer de coll uter\u00ed \u00e9s una malaltia que es pot prevenir i curar, sempre que es detecti de manera preco\u00e7 i es gestioni amb efic\u00e0cia. Tot i aix\u00f2, segueix sent la quarta forma de c\u00e0ncer m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent entre les dones de tot el m\u00f3n i nom\u00e9s el 2018, segons les \u00faltimes dades disponibles, se&#8217;n van diagnosticar 570.000 casos i va causar la mort de m\u00e9s de 300.000 dones. Per aquests motius, l&#8217;Organitzaci\u00f3 Mundial de la Salut (OMS) acaba de llan\u00e7ar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/19-08-2020-world-health-assembly-adopts-global-strategy-to-accelerate-cervical-cancer-elimination\">un programa global per eliminar aquest tipus de c\u00e0ncer<\/a>, una fita sense precedents.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab<em>Gaireb\u00e9 tots els casos de c\u00e0ncer de coll uter\u00ed \u2014un 99\u00a0%\u2014 estan relacionats amb la infecci\u00f3 pel virus del papil\u00b7loma hum\u00e0 (VPH), que \u00e9s extremadament com\u00fa i es transmet per contacte sexual<\/em>\u00bb, explica <strong>Xavier Bosch<\/strong>, investigador s\u00e8nior del grup de recerca Virus i c\u00e0ncer de l&#8217;Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (<a href=\"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/\">IDIBELL<\/a>) i l&#8217;Institut Catal\u00e0 d&#8217;Oncologia (<a href=\"http:\/\/ico.gencat.cat\/ca\/inici\">ICO<\/a>), i professor associat dels Estudis de Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uoc.edu\/portal\/es\/index.html\">UOC<\/a>). Aquestes infeccions normalment es resolen espont\u00e0niament i no provoquen s\u00edmptomes, per\u00f2 la infecci\u00f3 persistent pot causar c\u00e0ncer de coll uter\u00ed en dones.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;equip d&#8217;epidemiologia de l&#8217;ICO i l&#8217;IDIBELL \u00e9s un referent mundial en el camp del VPH i el c\u00e0ncer de c\u00e8rvix i la seva recerca ha contribu\u00eft significativament a relacionar el patogen amb aquest tipus de tumors. D&#8217;altra banda, ha estat un catalitzador per als assajos de vacunes i les proves de detecci\u00f3 de VPH com a eines de cribratge.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>El cam\u00ed per eliminar el c\u00e0ncer de coll uter\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;OMS ha presentat un enfocament integral de prevenci\u00f3, detecci\u00f3 i tractament del c\u00e0ncer de coll uter\u00ed amb el qual pensa que pot eliminar aquesta malaltia com a problema de salut p\u00fablica en nom\u00e9s una generaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Segons la seva proposta, aquesta fita implica aconseguir que el 2030 un 90\u00a0% de les nenes estiguin vacunades abans dels 15 anys, que un 70\u00a0% de les dones participin en cribratges dues vegades a la vida, als 35 anys i als 45, i que el 90\u00a0% de les dones diagnosticades amb lesions precanceroses puguin accedir a un tractament efica\u00e7.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab<em>Els tres pilars s&#8217;han d&#8217;implementar col\u00b7lectivament i a escala global per assolir l&#8217;objectiu d&#8217;eliminar la malaltia. La vacunaci\u00f3 ofereix una protecci\u00f3 a llarg termini contra el c\u00e0ncer de coll uter\u00ed, mentre que el cribratge i el tractament de lesions precanceroses poden evitar que s&#8217;arribi a desenvolupar el c\u00e0ncer<\/em>\u00bb, afirma <strong>Bosch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>En aquest sentit, l&#8217;OMS, amb el suport t\u00e8cnic de l&#8217;equip de <strong>Laia Bruni<\/strong> i <strong>Laia Alemany<\/strong> de l&#8217;ICO i l&#8217;IDIBELL, estima que actualment la cobertura global de la immunitzaci\u00f3 contra el VPH \u00e9s de nom\u00e9s un 15\u00a0%. Aquest abast tan limitat es deu en gran manera al fet que molts pa\u00efsos grans encara no han introdu\u00eft la vacuna o que aquesta no \u00e9s accessible per a tothom. A escala local, un 80\u00a0% de les nenes catalanes ja reben la vacuna i a Espanya aquesta xifra ja supera el 70\u00a0%, per\u00f2 encara queda molt cam\u00ed per rec\u00f3rrer.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;ICO i el seu programa de formaci\u00f3 a dist\u00e0ncia (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.e-oncologia.org\">www.e-oncologia.org<\/a>) col\u00b7laboren amb la UOC i contribueixen a aquesta campanya mitjan\u00e7ant la preparaci\u00f3 i la disseminaci\u00f3 de programes educatius per a professionals implicats en les noves t\u00e8cniques de prevenci\u00f3 de les infeccions per VPH i dels c\u00e0ncers associats.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Impacte social i econ\u00f2mic<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Segons les projeccions estad\u00edstiques, aquesta estrat\u00e8gia seria capa\u00e7 de prevenir m\u00e9s de seixanta milions de morts en els pr\u00f2xims cent anys. L&#8217;eliminaci\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer de coll d&#8217;\u00fater tamb\u00e9 tindria efectes socials i econ\u00f2mics positius, at\u00e8s que nom\u00e9s d&#8217;aqu\u00ed al 2030 s&#8217;aconseguiria que 250.000 dones en edat laboral poguessin seguir treballant i participant en la societat.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab<em>Hi ha la tecnologia i les eines per prevenir aquesta malaltia, que, juntament amb mesures validades per al diagn\u00f2stic i el tractament preco\u00e7os, ens haurien de permetre reduir la incid\u00e8ncia d&#8217;aquest tipus de c\u00e0ncer en un temps r\u00e8cord<\/em>\u00bb, conclou <strong>Bosch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aquesta fita es podria aconseguir gr\u00e0cies a l&#8217;augment de l&#8217;efic\u00e0cia de la vacuna i les administracions massives, i tamb\u00e9 per la modernitzaci\u00f3 de les t\u00e8cniques de cribratge.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":15627,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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