{"id":13531,"date":"2020-07-17T09:07:05","date_gmt":"2020-07-17T07:07:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/?p=13531"},"modified":"2021-11-15T12:38:20","modified_gmt":"2021-11-15T11:38:20","slug":"troben-caracteristiques-immunes-comunes-en-les-metastasis-de-pulmo-a-les-que-dirigir-futurs-tractaments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/2020\/07\/troben-caracteristiques-immunes-comunes-en-les-metastasis-de-pulmo-a-les-que-dirigir-futurs-tractaments\/","title":{"rendered":"Troben caracter\u00edstiques immunes comunes en les met\u00e0stasis de pulm\u00f3 a les que dirigir futurs tractaments"},"content":{"rendered":"

La met\u00e0stasi \u00e9s la principal causa de mortalitat en molts tipus de c\u00e0ncer, i encara no comprenem completament el seu funcionament. Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses poden escapar de la seva massa tumoral prim\u00e0ria i ser transportades pel sistema circulatori cap a altres zones del cos, on envaeixen altres teixits. No obstant aix\u00f2, el proc\u00e9s metast\u00e0sic \u00e9s molt ineficient. La majoria d’aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals canceroses s\u00f3n destru\u00efdes en el torrent sanguini pel sistema immune, i les que aconsegueixen disseminar-se i arribar a algun \u00f2rgan secundari s\u00f3n desafiades pel sistema immunitari del lloc. Per tant, nom\u00e9s algunes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del tumor primari s\u00f3n compatibles amb l’entorn cel\u00b7lular i molecular espec\u00edfic dels \u00f2rgans secundaris.<\/p>\n

La hip\u00f2tesi de “llavor i terra” postula que aquesta selecci\u00f3 es deu al fet que existeixen interaccions favorables entre el teixit d’origen primari de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals metast\u00e0siques (la “llavor”) i el microambient de l’\u00f2rgan diana (la “terra”).<\/p>\n

Revisant aquesta hip\u00f2tesi, un projecte liderat per la Dra. Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona i el Dr. Josep Mar\u00eda Piulats, investigadors de l’Institut de Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL – Oncobell), l’Institut Catal\u00e0 d’Oncologia (ICO) i CIBERESP, ha estudiat quin \u00e9s el paper de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del sistema immune en el proc\u00e9s metast\u00e0sic. El treball, publicat en el Journal for Immunotheraphy of Cancer<\/em><\/a>, analitza 374 mostres metast\u00e0siques dels quatre \u00f2rgans secundaris m\u00e9s propensos a ser enva\u00efts per c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals disseminades (cervell, ossos, fetge i pulm\u00f3), i pertanyents a c\u00e0ncers originats en ubicacions prim\u00e0ries diferents.<\/p>\n

“Les an\u00e0lisis bioinform\u00e0tiques realitzades han refutat la hip\u00f2tesi “llavor i terra” i han revelat que els tumors metast\u00e0sics situats en els pulmons, independentment de la localitzaci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria del c\u00e0ncer<\/strong>, comparteixen caracter\u00edstiques d’inflamaci\u00f3 i infiltraci\u00f3 immune. Per tant, podrien respondre a un mateix tractament<\/strong> amb immunoter\u00e0pia”, assegura Sandra Garc\u00eda-Mulero, primera autora del treball.<\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s, es van trobar difer\u00e8ncies significatives<\/strong> entre els perfils immunes de les met\u00e0stasis en diferents \u00f2rgans. En el fetge, la met\u00e0stasi tendeix a ser molt poc immunog\u00e8nica, \u00e9s a dir, que amb prou feines activa el sistema immunitari. Per contra, els resultats van mostrar que la met\u00e0stasi als pulmons<\/strong> tendeix a ser altament immunog\u00e8nica i indueix una forta reacci\u00f3 inflamat\u00f2ria. Una de les hip\u00f2tesis que explicaria la susceptibilitat dels pulmons a la met\u00e0stasi seria que, per a evitar una reacci\u00f3 immune massiva, els pulmons podrien activar mecanismes immunosupressors, i els tumors aprofitarien aquesta situaci\u00f3 per a facilitar la met\u00e0stasi.<\/p>\n

Com a ter\u00e0pia per a aquesta mena de tumors metast\u00e0sics altament inflamatoris es podria considerar el tractament amb inhibidors, que permetrien la resposta immunit\u00e0ria dels pulmons, afavorint la destrucci\u00f3 de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Els tumors metast\u00e0sics allotjats en els pulmons tenen propietats immunit\u00e0ries comunes, independentment de l’origen del tumor primari.
\nAquests resultats plantegen un nou enfocament i aplanen el cam\u00ed per a desenvolupar nous tractaments amb immunoter\u00e0pia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":13536,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[332,453,446,447,371],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cancer","category-viroterapia-del-cancer","category-noticies","category-p-de-mecanismes-molelculars-i-terapia-experimental-en-oncologia-oncobell","category-transformacio-i-metastasi"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-01-29 04:46:57","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13531"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19615,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13531\/revisions\/19615"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}