{"id":10794,"date":"2015-04-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-04-29T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/blog\/2015\/04\/30\/descubierta-la-sexta-base-del-adn\/"},"modified":"2020-05-21T07:26:38","modified_gmt":"2020-05-21T05:26:38","slug":"descubierta-la-sexta-base-del-adn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/2015\/04\/descubierta-la-sexta-base-del-adn\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfDescubierta la sexta base del ADN?"},"content":{"rendered":"


A principios de los a\u00f1os 80, a estas cuatro bases \u201ccl\u00e1sicas\u201d del ADN se a\u00f1adi\u00f3 a una quinta: la Metil-citosina (mC), derivada de la Citosina. Y fue a finales de los 90 que se reconoci\u00f3 la mC como la principal responsable de los mecanismos epigen\u00e9ticos: es capaz de apagar o activar los genes en funci\u00f3n de las necesidades fisiol\u00f3gicas de cada tejido.
En los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os el inter\u00e9s por de esta quinta base del ADN ha ido en aumento al demostrarse que las alteraciones en la Metil-citosina contribuyen al desarrollo de muchas enfermedades humanas, entre ellas el c\u00e1ncer.
Hoy, un art\u00edculo publicado en Cell <\/em>por Manel Esteller, Director del Programa de Epigen\u00e9tica y Biolog\u00eda del C\u00e1ncer del Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Investigador ICREA y Profesor de Gen\u00e9tica de la Universidad de Barcelona, \u200b\u200bcomenta la posible existencia de una sexta base del ADN, la Metil-adenina (mA), que tambi\u00e9n contribuir\u00eda a determinar el epigenoma y por tanto ser\u00eda clave en la vida de las c\u00e9lulas.

“Se sab\u00eda desde hace a\u00f1os que las bacterias, organismos vivos evolutivamente muy alejados de nosotros, ten\u00edan mA en su genoma con una funci\u00f3n protectora frente a la inserci\u00f3n de material gen\u00e9tico de otros organismos. Pero se cre\u00eda que este era un fen\u00f3meno de c\u00e9lulas primitivas y que era muy est\u00e1tico, como una armadura fija que las proteg\u00eda\u201d describe Manel Esteller.
“Sin embargo, en esta edici\u00f3n de Cell tres art\u00edculos sugieren que c\u00e9lulas m\u00e1s complejas, llamadas eucariotas como las del cuerpo humano, presentar\u00edan tambi\u00e9n esta sexta base del ADN. Concretamente los estudios apuntan a que algas, gusanos y moscas poseer\u00edan mA y que actuar\u00eda para regular la expresi\u00f3n de determinados genes, constituyendo por tanto una nueva marca epigen\u00e9tica. Estos trabajos han sido posibles gracias al desarrollo de m\u00e9todos de an\u00e1lisis de elevada sensibilidad debido a que los niveles de mA en los genomas descritos son bajos. Adem\u00e1s parece ser que mA tendr\u00eda un papel espec\u00edfico en las c\u00e9lulas madre y en etapas tempranas del desarrollo\u201d explica el investigador.
\u201cAhora el reto que se nos plantea es confirmar estos datos y descubrir si los mam\u00edferos, entre los que nos encontramos los humanos, tambi\u00e9n tenemos esta sexta base del ADN, y estudiar qu\u00e9 funciones realiza\u201d.
Art\u00edculo<\/strong>: Heyn H, Esteller M. An Adenine Code for DNA: A Second Life for N6-Methyladenine. Cell <\/em>(2015).http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2015.04.021<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dos bases m\u00e1s: la Metil-Citosina y la Metil-Adenina En bacterias y organismos m\u00e1s complejos Art\u00edculo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10795,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[184,286],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-area-cancer","category-epigenetica-del-cancer-cancer"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-03-02 12:49:34","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10794"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10794\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}