{"id":10642,"date":"2016-01-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-01-28T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/blog\/2016\/01\/29\/descontrol-a-distancia-del-adn-en-cancer-agujeros-de-gusano-del-genoma\/"},"modified":"2020-05-20T10:55:48","modified_gmt":"2020-05-20T08:55:48","slug":"descontrol-a-distancia-del-adn-en-cancer-agujeros-de-gusano-del-genoma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/2016\/01\/descontrol-a-distancia-del-adn-en-cancer-agujeros-de-gusano-del-genoma\/","title":{"rendered":"Descontrol a distancia del ADN en c\u00e1ncer: &#8221;agujeros de gusano&#8221; del genoma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfC\u00f3mo se controlan los genes? La visi\u00f3n tradicional es que los genes (secuencias de nuestro ADN que originan las prote\u00ednas, los ladrillos de nuestras c\u00e9lulas) se regulan y vigilan desde una regi\u00f3n del genoma cercana que se denomina \u201cpromotor\u201d. Podemos imaginarlo como que la forma m\u00e1s cercana de que un punto A regule un punto B dibujado en un papel blanco es la l\u00ednea recta, y efectivamente este control cercano y directo de la expresi\u00f3n de los genes se produce. Pero desde hace unos pocos a\u00f1os empezamos a saber que existe un control de los genes a \u201cdistancia\u201d, como por control remoto. Es decir para ir del punto A al B no dibujamos una l\u00ednea recta si no que doblamos el papel sobre s\u00ed mismo y ahora el punto A esta situado sobre el punto B. Este concepto ser\u00eda similar al del concepto astrofisico del \u201cagujeros de gusano\u201d (\u201cWormholes\u201d): dos planetas parecen muy alejados en l\u00ednea recta pero en un universo tridimensional uno podr\u00eda estar encima del otro y estar en realidad m\u00e1s cercano. Un art\u00edculo publicado en <em>Genome Biology <\/em>dirigido por el Dr. Manel Esteller, Director del Programa de Epigen\u00e9tica y Biolog\u00eda del C\u00e1ncer del Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Investigador ICREA y Profesor de Gen\u00e9tica de la Universidad de Barcelona, demuestra que las c\u00e9lulas tumorales han perdido en buena parte la capacidad de realizar estos controles a distancia de los genes (\u201cagujeros de gusano\u201d del genoma) debido a la presencia de modificaciones qu\u00edmicas: cambios epi-gen\u00e9ticos. <b><br \/> <span class=\"TexteNivell4\"><b><br \/><\/span>&#8220;Hemos encontrado que una clase de regiones reguladoras de los genes a distancia, llamada Super-Enhancers, presenta cambios en los niveles de metilaci\u00f3n del ADN, la marca qu\u00edmica m\u00e1s importante de nuestro genoma.\u201d &#8211; declara Dr. Manel Esteller, director del estudio &#8211;<b><br \/> &#8220;Esta alteraci\u00f3n provoca que las secuencias controladoras no puedan plegarse sobre los genes y regularlos, activ\u00e1ndose genes que promueven el crecimiento e inactiv\u00e1ndose genes que lo inhiben. Descubrimientos como este y de otros colegas nos hacen pensar que ya ser\u00e1 muy dif\u00edcil pensar en los genes de forma lineal y est\u00e1tica, y en cambio tendremos que pensar en ellos como formando parte de un entramado din\u00e1mico, como si fueran piezas de un puzzle de 3D.\u201d \u2013 concluye Dr. Esteller. <strong><b><br \/><\/strong> <strong><br \/><\/strong> <strong>Art\u00edculo<\/strong>: <b><br \/> Heyn H, Vidal E, Ferreira HJ, Vizoso M, Sayols S, Gomez A, Moran S, Boque-Sastre R, Guil S, Martinez-Cardus A, Lin CY, Royo R, Sanchez-Mut JV, Martinez R, Gut M,<b><br \/> Torrents D, Orozco M, Gut I, Young RA, <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Esteller M<\/span><\/strong>. Epigenomic analysis detects aberrant super-enhancer DNA methylation in human cancer.<strong><em> <\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>Genome Biology<\/em><\/strong>, 2016.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Art\u00edculo Esteller M  Genome Biology<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[184,286],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-area-cancer","category-epigenetica-del-cancer-cancer"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-06-14 00:00:55","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10642"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10642\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}