{"id":5524,"date":"2016-10-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-26T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/blog\/2020\/05\/01\/cancer-causing-human-papillomavirus-lineage-originate-by-sexual-transmission-from-neanderthals\/"},"modified":"2020-05-05T09:41:50","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T07:41:50","slug":"cancer-causing-human-papillomavirus-lineage-originate-by-sexual-transmission-from-neanderthals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/2016\/10\/cancer-causing-human-papillomavirus-lineage-originate-by-sexual-transmission-from-neanderthals\/","title":{"rendered":"Cancer causing human papillomavirus lineage originate by sexual transmission from Neanderthals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A recent study led by <strong>Ville Pimenoff<\/strong> at the Catalan Institute of Oncology\/IDIBELL and <strong>Ignacio Bravo<\/strong> at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) has found that a particular papillomavirus lineage associated with anogenital cancers very likely originated through sexual transmission from archaic Neanderthals-Denisovans to modern humans. This study was published in the Journal of Molecular Biology and Evolution (DOI: 10.1093\/molbev\/msw214). <\/p>\n<p> With previous studies showing that almost everyone with Eurasian ancestry has a small proportion of Neanderthal DNA in them \u2013 up to 5 percent of the human genome \u2013 it has become evident that humans inherited a bit more than expected from the Neanderthals, namely a particular sexually transmitted papillomavirus infection. <\/p>\n<p> A group of about 40 human infecting papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted infections, and practically all of us host some of these HPV infections at some point in our lives until they are naturally cleared by our immune system. However, in the case of persistent HPV infection, especially with the strain 16, the infection often leads to cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis or anus. <\/p>\n<p> By reconstructing the ancestry and timing of the evolutionary tree of HPV16 in greater detail than ever before, and by comparing the evolutionary histories of HPV16 and humans, a new pattern was found. Now, researchers have generated compelling evidence that HPV16 co-diverged with archaic and modern humans &#8211; only to be repopulated at a much later date through their contact with Neanderthals-Denisovans &#8211; and challenging the assumption that HPV16 co-evolved only with modern humans. During the evolution of HPV16, variants A and B\/C\/D co-diverged with archaic and modern humans, respectively. When populations of modern humans left Africa and had sexual intercourse with Neanderthals and Denisovans, they were infected by the HPV16A variant that had evolved with archaic humans, and subsequently this variant thrived and expanded among modern humans. <\/p>\n<p> Dr. Ville Pimenoff, first author of the study, concludes: \u201cTo us, the results suggest that our ancestors not only interbred in large extent with the Neanderthals but also that the evolution of pathogens like HPV16 can take surprising directions, such as sexual transmission from archaic to modern humans. But unlike in the past, today we have contraceptives and vaccines to protect from these infections. Therefore, as our study has been widely reported in the mainstream media, we hope the readers will also learn about the available HPV vaccines and their role in cancer prevention.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ville Pimenoff Ignacio Bravo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7774,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2024-11-24 17:10:41","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5524"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5524\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/idibell.cat\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}